CBN Mandates Cybersecurity Grading for Financial Institutions

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is stepping up its cybersecurity oversight, requiring banks and other financial institutions to complete a comprehensive self-assessment tool. The new directive, announced in a circular dated March 30th, aims to proactively identify vulnerabilities amid rising cyber threats.

Compliance Timeline

  • Deposit money banks have 21 days to submit their assessments
  • Other institutions (microfinance banks, fintechs, payment providers) get 35 days

The CSAT tool covers key areas including:

  • Cybersecurity governance and accountability
  • Risk management frameworks
  • Technology and third-party risks
  • Incident response capabilities
  • Operational resilience

Context of the New Regulation

Nigeria’s financial sector has seen a significant increase in cyberattacks, with Check Point Software reporting 4,718 weekly attacks in 2024 alone. As digital payment adoption grows—reaching $185.6 billion in Q1 2025—the attack surface expands across web, mobile, and agent networks.

Data from the Financial Institutions Training Centre (FITC) reveals a concerning trend: fraud losses jumped 603% year-on-year to $2.37 million in Q1 2025, with over 12,000 reported cases.

The CBN’s move represents a shift towards proactive surveillance as Nigeria’s financial system becomes increasingly digital—and therefore more vulnerable.